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Act Amending the Competition Act No. 44/2005, Iceland

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Latest Version in WIPO Lex
Details Details Year of Version 2007 Dates Entry into force: March 17, 2007 Adopted: March 17, 2007 Type of Text IP-related Laws Subject Matter Competition

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Main text(s) Main text(s) Icelandic Lög um breytingu samkeppnislaga nr 44/2005         English Act Amending the Competition Act No. 44/2005        

Act
amending the Competition Act No. 44/2005

Article 1 A new Article, becoming Article 17(a), is inserted after Article 17 of the Act, as follows:

In the event that any undertaking or association of undertakings has violated the provisions of this Act or any decisions of the Competition Authority grounded in this Act, the Competition Authority is authorised, with the consent of the parties involved, to conclude the matter by a settlement. The same applies in the case of mergers that obstruct effective competition, cf. Article 17. A settlement is binding for the party involved once it has been accepted and its substance confirmed by the party’s signature.

The Competition Authority shall lay down further rules on the implementation of the Article.

Article 2 Article 37 of the Act shall read as follows:

The Competition Authority will impose administrative fines on undertakings or groups of undertakings that violate:

a.
A prohibition pursuant to Articles 10 or 12;
b.
A prohibition pursuant to Article 11;
c.
Instructions from the competition authorities based on Article 14;
d.
Conditions established by the competition authorities for the granting of an exemption pursuant to Article 15;
e.
Measures, actions or provisional decisions pursuant to Article 16;
f.
An intervention, instruction or conditions of the competition authorities
pursuant to paragraphs 1, 5 and 6 of Article 17.


g.
Their obligation to notify pursuant to paragraph 3 of Article 17;
h.
A settlement between the Competition Authority and a party pursuant to Article 17(a);
i.
The obligation to provide information or surrender documents pursuant to Article 19;
j.
A prohibition pursuant to Articles 53 or 54 of the EEA Agreement.

Fines may amount to up to 10% of the total turnover of the preceding business year of any undertaking or association of undertakings involved in a violation. If the violation of an association of undertakings relates to the activities of its members the fine shall not exceed 10% of the total turnover of active members in the market affected by the violation of the association. In deciding the amount of fines, account shall be taken of the nature, and extent of the violations, duration and whether repeated violations are involved. The fines shall accrue to the Treasury, net of collecting costs. If an administrative fine is not paid within one month from the decision of the Competition Authorities, penalty interest shall be paid on the amount of the fine. The determination and calculation of penalty interest is subject to statutory law on interest and price-level indexation.

Fines may be reduced if an undertaking has taken the initiative in providing information or documents to the Competition Authority concerning violations of Articles 10 or 12, which, in the opinion of the Authority, constitute an important addition to the evidence already in its possession, subject to further conditions established by the Competition Authority in its Rules.

A decision to impose a fine may be waived if a violation is regarded as insignificant, or for other reasons if no need is seen for such fines for the purpose of promoting and strengthening effective competition. Furthermore, the imposition of a fine may be waived if an undertaking took the initiative in providing the Competition Authority with information or documents relating to violations of Articles 10 and 12 which, in the opinion of the Authority, could lead to investigation or proof of a violation and subject to further conditions laid down by the Competition Authority in its Rules. A decision of the Competition Authority to impose fines may be appealed to the Competition Appeals Committee.

Article 3 A new Article, becoming Article 37(a), is inserted after Article 37 of the Act, as follows:

The authorisation of the Competition Authority to impose administrative fines pursuant to this Act shall lapse when seven years have passed since the behaviour in question was discontinued.

The limitation period pursuant to Paragraph 1 is interrupted if the Competition Authority notifies a party of the launch of an investigation of an alleged violation or when a search is conducted at the place of business of an undertaking or association of undertakings pursuant to Article 20. The interruption of the limitation period has legal effect for all parties involved in a violation.

Article 4 Two new articles are inserted following Article 41 of the Act, as follows:

a. (Article 41(a)) Any employee or director of an undertaking or association of undertakings who carries out, incites to or gives instructions on collusion which violates Articles 10 and/or 12 and relates to the issues specified in paragraphs 2 and 3 shall be subject to fines or imprisonment up to six years.

The provisions of paragraph 1 apply to the following violations of Articles 10 or 12 by undertakings or associations of undertakings operating at the same sales stage:

a.
collusion on prices, discounts, margins or other trading conditions;
b.
collusion on restriction or control of supply, production, markets or sales;
c.
Collusion on sharing out sources of supply or markets, e.g. by region or customer;
d.
Collusion on the preparation of tenders;
e.
Collusion on avoiding business with specific undertakings or consumers;
f.
Provision of information on the matters in subsections (a) to (e).

The provision in paragraph 1 also applies to collusion between undertakings which has the purpose of avoiding the commencement of competition between undertakings.

Collusion in this Article refers to agreements, resolutions, decisions or concerted practices of undertakings or associations of undertakings.

Suspension of licence pursuant to Article 68 of the Penal Code, and confiscation of assets pursuant to Article 69 of the Code, may be adjudged in proceedings that have their origins in violations of Articles 10, 12 and 41(b) of this Act.

An attempt to commit or participation in violations pursuant to this Article is subject to sanctions as prescribed in the Penal Code.

b. (Article 41(b))

Any person who, in connection with the collection of information pursuant to Articles 19 and 20, and rules established pursuant thereto, destroys, falsifies, suppresses or otherwise renders unusable any documents which are significant for an investigation by the Competition Authorities shall be subject to fines or imprisonment up to three years, unless more severe sanctions are provided for under other legislation.

Any person who, in the course of providing information pursuant to Article 19, supplies to the Competition Authority false, misleading or inadequate information shall be subject to fines or imprisonment up to two years. Any person who in other respects provides the Competition Authority with false, misleading or inadequate information shall be subject to the same sanctions.

A legal person may be subjected to fines pursuant to the provisions of Chapter II of the Penal Code for violations of paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article.

Article 5 Article 42 of the Act shall read as follows:

Violations of this Act are subject to criminal investigation only following a complaint submitted by the Competition Authority to the police.

If an alleged violation of this Act is subject to both administrative fines and criminal sanctions, the Competition Authority shall, with reference to the seriousness of the violation and viewpoints relating to the protection of legal rights, assess whether the part of the case which is subject to the criminal liability of a natural person should be reported to the police. Conformity shall be observed in the resolution of similar cases.

The Competition Authority may decide not to report a natural person if the natural person, or the undertaking where he or she is employed or serves as a director, has taken the initiative in supplying the Competition Authority with information or documents relating to violations of Articles 10 or 12 which could lead to an investigation or proof of a violation and which constitute an important addition, in the opinion of the Competition Authority, to the evidence already in its possession, subject to compliance with further conditions established by the Competition Authority in its Rules.

The report of the Competition Authorities should be accompanied by copies of the documents forming the basis of their suspicion of a violation. The provisions of Chapters IV – VII of the Administrative Procedures Act do not apply to decisions of the Competition Authority to report a case to the police.

The Competition Authority is permitted to supply to the police and prosecuting authority any information and documents obtained by the Authority and relating to the violations falling within the scope of paragraph 2. The Competition Authority is permitted to participate in police actions relating to the investigation of violations falling within the scope of paragraph 2.

The police and prosecuting authorities are permitted to supply to the Competition Authority information and documents obtained by them and relating to the violations falling within the scope of paragraph 2. The police are permitted to participate in the actions of the Competition Authority relating to the investigation of violations falling within the scope of paragraph 2.

The prosecuting party may send cases relating to violations of the Competition Act and related documents to the Competition Authority for processing and decision.

Article 6 A new Article, becoming Article 42(a), is inserted after Article 42 of the Act, as follows:

The Competition Authority is permitted to restrict access by the parties to a case to documents relating to the investigation of alleged criminal violations of this Act if there is a risk that such access will obstruct a criminal investigation. However, this restriction shall always be removed in a timely fashion before the Competition Authority makes a final decision in the case.

It is not permitted to use information supplied by the representative of an undertaking to the Competition Authority as evidence in criminal proceedings initiated against him/her on the grounds of the violations specified in Article 41(a).

Article 7 This Act shall enter into force immediately.

Transitional Provisions The Competition Authority shall impose administrative fines on undertakings or associations of undertakings violating instructions or conditions laid down on the basis of Act No. 8/1993, as amended.

Approved by the Althing on 17 March 2007.

Lög um breytingu á samkeppnislögum, nr. 44/2005.

1. gr. Á eftir 17. gr. laganna kemur ný grein, er verður 17. gr. a, svohljóðandi: Hafi fyrirtæki eða samtök fyrirtækja gerst brotleg við ákvæði laga þessara eða ákvarðanir

Samkeppniseftirlitsins á grundvelli þeirra er Samkeppniseftirlitinu heimilt, með samþykki málsaðila, að ljúka málinu með sátt. Sama gildir ef um er að ræða samruna sem hindrar virka samkeppni, sbr. 17. gr. Sátt er bindandi fyrir málsaðila þegar hann hefur samþykkt og staðfest efni hennar með undirskrift sinni.

Samkeppniseftirlitið setur nánari reglur um framkvæmd greinarinnar.

2. gr. 37. gr. laganna orðast svo: Samkeppniseftirlitið leggur stjórnvaldssektir á fyrirtæki eða samtök fyrirtækja sem brjóta

gegn: a. banni skv. 10. eða 12. gr., b. banni skv. 11. gr., c. fyrirmælum samkeppnisyfirvalda á grundvelli 14. gr., d. skilyrðum sem samkeppnisyfirvöld hafa sett fyrir veitingu undanþágu á grundvelli

15. gr., e. ráðstöfunum, aðgerðum eða bráðabirgðaákvörðunum á grundvelli 16. gr., f. íhlutun, fyrirmælum eða skilyrðum samkeppnisyfirvalda á grundvelli 1., 5. og 6. mgr.

17. gr., g. tilkynningarskyldu skv. 3. mgr. 17. gr., h. sátt milli Samkeppniseftirlitsins og aðila, sbr. 17. gr. a, i. skyldu til að veita upplýsingar og afhenda gögn skv. 19. gr., j. banni skv. 53. og 54. gr. EES-samningsins.

Sektir geta numið allt að 10% af heildarveltu síðasta rekstrarárs hjá hverju því fyrirtæki eða samtökum fyrirtækja sem aðild eiga að broti. Ef brot samtaka fyrirtækja tengjast starf­ semi aðila þeirra skal fjárhæð sektar ekki vera hærri en 10% af heildarveltu hvers aðila þeirra sem er virkur á þeim markaði sem brot samtakanna tekur til. Við ákvörðun á fjárhæð sekta skal hafa hliðsjón af eðli og umfangi brota, hvað brot hafa staðið lengi og hvort um ítrekað brot er að ræða. Sektirnar renna til ríkissjóðs að frádregnum kostnaði við innheimtuna. Séu

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stjórnvaldssektir ekki greiddar innan mánaðar frá ákvörðun Samkeppniseftirlitsins skal greiða dráttarvexti af fjárhæð sektarinnar. Um ákvörðun og útreikning dráttarvaxta fer eftir lögum um vexti og verðtryggingu.

Unnt er að lækka sektir ef fyrirtæki hefur haft frumkvæði að því að láta Samkeppniseftir­ litinu í té upplýsingar eða gögn vegna brota gegn 10. eða 12. gr. sem að mati eftirlitsins eru mikilvæg viðbót við þau sönnunargögn sem það hefur þegar í fórum sínum og að uppfylltum nánari skilyrðum sem Samkeppniseftirlitið mælir fyrir um í reglum.

Falla má frá sektarákvörðun teljist brot óverulegt eða af öðrum ástæðum sé ekki talin þörf á slíkum sektum til að stuðla að og efla virka samkeppni. Þá má falla frá sektarákvörðun hafi fyrirtæki verið fyrst til að láta Samkeppniseftirlitinu í té upplýsingar eða gögn vegna brota gegn 10. eða 12. gr. sem að mati eftirlitsins geta leitt til rannsóknar eða sönnunar á broti og að uppfylltum nánari skilyrðum sem Samkeppniseftirlitið mælir fyrir um í reglum.

Ákvörðun Samkeppniseftirlitsins um sektir má skjóta til áfrýjunarnefndar samkeppnis­ mála.

3. gr. Á eftir 37. gr. laganna kemur ný grein, er verður 37. gr. a., svohljóðandi: Heimild Samkeppniseftirlitsins til að leggja á stjórnvaldssektir samkvæmt lögum þessum

fellur niður þegar sjö ár eru liðin frá því að háttsemi lauk. Frestur skv. 1. mgr. rofnar þegar Samkeppniseftirlitið tilkynnir aðila um upphaf rannsókn­

ar á meintu broti eða þegar framkvæmd er leit á starfsstað fyrirtækis eða samtaka fyrirtækja á grundvelli 20. gr. Rof frests hefur réttaráhrif gagnvart öllum sem staðið hafa að broti.

4. gr. Á eftir 41. gr. laganna koma tvær nýjar greinar, svohljóðandi:

a. (41. gr. a.) Hver starfsmaður eða stjórnarmaður fyrirtækis eða samtaka fyrirtækja, sem framkvæmir,

hvetur til eða lætur framkvæma samráð sem brýtur gegn 10. og/eða 12. gr. og varðar þau atriði sem tilgreind eru í 2. og 3. mgr., skal sæta sektum eða fangelsi allt að sex árum.

Ákvæði 1. mgr. tekur til eftirfarandi brota fyrirtækja eða samtaka fyrirtækja á sama sölu­ stigi á 10. eða 12. gr.: a. samráðs um verð, afslætti, álagningu eða önnur viðskiptakjör, b. samráðs um takmörkun eða stýringu á framboði, framleiðslu, mörkuðum eða sölu, c. samráðs um skiptingu á birgðalindum eða mörkuðum, t.d. eftir svæðum eða viðskipta­

vinum, d. samráðs um gerð tilboða, e. samráðs um að eiga ekki viðskipti við tiltekin fyrirtæki eða neytendur, f. upplýsingagjafar um þau atriði sem fram koma í a–e-liðum.

Ákvæði 1. mgr. tekur einnig til ólögmæts samráðs milli fyrirtækja sem hefur það að mark­ miði að fyrirtæki hefji ekki samkeppni í atvinnustarfsemi.

Með samráði í þessari grein er átt við samninga, samþykktir, ákvarðanir eða samstilltar aðgerðir fyrirtækja eða samtaka fyrirtækja.

Dæma má sviptingu réttinda skv. 68. gr. almennra hegningarlaga og upptöku eigna skv. 69. gr. sömu laga í máli er rís vegna brota á 10., 12. og 41. gr. b laga þessara.

Tilraun til brots eða hlutdeild í brotum samkvæmt grein þessari er refsiverð eftir því sem segir í almennum hegningarlögum.

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b. (41. gr. b.) Hver sá sem í tengslum við upplýsingaöflun á grundvelli 19. og 20. gr. og reglna sem sett­

ar eru samkvæmt þeim eyðileggur, falsar, kemur undan eða gerir á annan hátt ónothæf hvers konar gögn sem hafa þýðingu fyrir rannsókn Samkeppniseftirlitsins skal sæta sektum eða fangelsi allt að þremur árum nema þyngri refsing liggi við samkvæmt öðrum lögum.

Hver sá sem við upplýsingagjöf skv. 19. gr. veitir Samkeppniseftirlitinu rangar, villandi eða ófullnægjandi upplýsingar skal sæta sektum eða fangelsi allt að tveimur árum. Sömu refs­ ingu skal hver sæta sem að öðru leyti gefur Samkeppniseftirlitinu rangar, villandi eða ófull­ nægjandi upplýsingar.

Gera má lögaðila sekt samkvæmt ákvæðum II. kafla A almennra hegningarlaga fyrir brot skv. 1. og 2. mgr. þessarar greinar.

5. gr. 42. gr. laganna orðast svo: Brot gegn lögum þessum sæta aðeins opinberri rannsókn að undangenginni kæru Sam­

keppniseftirlitsins til lögreglu. Varði meint brot á lögum þessum bæði stjórnvaldssektum og refsingu metur Samkeppnis­

eftirlitið með tilliti til grófleika brots og réttarvörslusjónarmiða hvort sá hluti málsins sem varðar refsiábyrgð einstaklings skuli kærður til lögreglu. Gæta skal samræmis við úrlausn sambærilegra mála.

Samkeppniseftirlitið getur ákveðið að kæra ekki einstakling hafi hann, eða fyrirtæki sem hann starfar hjá eða er í stjórn hjá, haft frumkvæði að því að láta Samkeppniseftirlitinu í té upplýsingar eða gögn vegna brota gegn 10. eða 12. gr. sem geta leitt til rannsóknar eða sönn­ unar á broti eða eru mikilvæg viðbót að mati eftirlitsins við þau sönnunargögn sem það hefur þegar í fórum sínum, enda séu nánari skilyrði uppfyllt sem Samkeppniseftirlitið mælir fyrir um í reglum.

Með kæru Samkeppniseftirlitsins skulu fylgja afrit þeirra gagna sem grunur um brot er studdur við. Ákvæði IV.–VII. kafla stjórnsýslulaga gilda ekki um ákvörðun Samkeppniseftir­ litsins að kæra mál til lögreglu.

Samkeppniseftirlitinu er heimilt að láta lögreglu og ákæruvaldi í té upplýsingar og gögn sem stofnunin hefur aflað og tengjast þeim brotum sem falla undir 2. mgr. Samkeppniseftirlit­ inu er heimilt að taka þátt í aðgerðum lögreglu sem varða rannsókn þeirra brota sem falla undir 2. mgr.

Lögreglu og ákæruvaldi er heimilt að láta Samkeppniseftirlitinu í té upplýsingar og gögn sem þau hafa aflað og tengjast þeim brotum sem falla undir 2. mgr. Lögreglu er heimilt að taka þátt í aðgerðum Samkeppniseftirlitsins sem varða rannsókn þeirra brota sem falla undir 2. mgr.

Ákærandi getur sent mál sem varðar brot á samkeppnislögum og gögn því tengd til Sam­ keppniseftirlitsins til meðferðar og ákvörðunar.

6. gr. Á eftir 42. gr. laganna kemur ný grein er verður 42. gr. a, svohljóðandi: Samkeppniseftirlitinu er heimilt að takmarka aðgang málsaðila að gögnum er tengjast

rannsókn á meintum refsiverðum brotum á lögum þessum ef hætta er á að slíkur aðgangur torveldi opinbera rannsókn. Þeirri takmörkun skal þó ávallt aflétt tímanlega áður en Sam­ keppniseftirlitið tekur endanlega ákvörðun í málinu.

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Ekki er heimilt að nota upplýsingar sem fyrirsvarsmaður fyrirtækis hefur veitt Sam­ keppniseftirlitinu sem sönnunargagn í opinberu máli sem höfðað er gegn honum vegna brota sem tilgreind eru í 41. gr. a.

7. gr. Lög þessi öðlast þegar gildi.

Ákvæði til bráðabirgða. Samkeppniseftirlitið leggur stjórnvaldssektir á fyrirtæki eða samtök fyrirtækja sem brjóta

gegn fyrirmælum eða skilyrðum sem gefin voru á grundvelli laga nr. 8/1993, með síðari breytingum.

Samþykkt á Alþingi 17. mars 2007.


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