IPC 6 English version D04H !A-D04H 18/00

D04H-D04H01800

SECTION D– TEXTILES; PAPER

D 04

BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS

D 04 H

MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL (weaving D 03; knitting D 04 B; braiding D 04 C; net-making D 04 G; sewing D 05 B; tufting D 05 C; finishing non-woven fabrics D 06); FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING (non-woven fabrics having an intermediate or external layer of a different kind, e.g. of woven fabric, B 32 B)

Notes

(1)

In this subclass, the following expression is used with the meaning indicated:

–

"non-woven fabrics" means fabrics formed wholly or partly of textile material by processes comprising operations other than the weaving, knitting, braiding, lacing, or knotting of yarns, threads, or filaments for which provision is made in other subclasses of section D. This expression includes felts, cotton-wool and wadding.

(2)

In this subclass:

–

some of the non-woven fabrics can also be regarded as "layered products" within the meaning of subclass B 32 B, and further classification in that subclass should be considered in accordance with the notes thereto;

–

in cases where the making of non-woven fabrics involves the use of particular chemical compounds or compositions, e.g. for treating or bonding fibres, filaments, or yarns, further classification in other appropriate subclasses should also be considered.

(3)

By varying the proportions of fibres or threads, and the chemical compounds or compositions, the final products may be given the appearance of paper, cardboard, leather, or the like.

Kinds or types of non-woven fabrics; Apparatus or processes for making such products

Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres

Cotton-wool; Wadding (carding D 01 G)

from fleeces or layers composed of fibres having existing or potential cohesive properties, e.g. natural fibres, prestretched or fibrillated artificial fibres (felting apparatus D 04 H 17/00)

by treatment to produce shrinking, swelling, crimping, or curling of fibres (curling or crimpling of fibres, filaments, or yarns D 02 G 1/00)

and hardened by felting; Felts or felted products

Felts made from mixtures of fibres

and incorporating artificial organic fibres

and incorporating inorganic fibres

Laminated felts in which the separate layers are united by a felting process

Felts incorporating inserts or attachments, e.g. for ornamental purposes

Three-dimensional articles formed by felting processes

Covers felted on to three-dimensional articles

from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties

characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece

the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling

by forming intermeshing loops or stitches from some of the fibres (knitting D 04 B; sewing D 05 B) [4]

by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres (D 04 H 1/45 takes precedence; needling machines D 04 H 18/00) [4]

in combination with at least one other method of consolidation, e.g. with application of bonding agents

by treatment to produce shrinking, swelling, crimping, or curling of fibres (curling or crimping of fibres, filaments, or yarns D 02 G 1/00)

by applying or inserting filamentary binding elements (knitting D 04 B; sewing D 05 B)

by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving (in combination with needling D 04 H 1/48)

in association with fibre formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion of staple fibres

by applying, incorporating, or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives (in combination with needling D 04 H 1/48)

the bonding agent being applied in dry state, e.g. thermo-activatable agents in solid or molten state, and heat being applied subsequently

at spaced points or locations

the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions

at spaced points or locations (D 04 H 1/68 takes precedence)

the bonding agent being applied in the form of foam

characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres (lap-forming devices D 01 G 25/00; paper web-making by wet methods D 21 F, D 21 H) [4]

the fibres being randomly arranged

the fibres being orientated, e.g. in parallel

Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length

characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments (lap-forming devices D 01 G 25/00; paper web-making by wet methods D 21 F, D 21 H) [4]

at random

in rectilinear paths, e.g. crossing at right angles

in another pattern, e.g. zig-zag, sinusoidal

otherwise than in a plane, e.g. in a tubular way

characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating

with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically (needling machines D 04 H 18/00; knitting D 04 B; sewing D 05 B)

with filaments or yarns secured together by chemical or thermo-activatable bonding agents, e.g. adhesives, applied or incorporated in liquid or solid form

with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding

with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion [4]

Non-woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively-short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length

strengthened or consolidated by mechanical methods, e.g. needling (needling machines D 04 H 18/00; knitting D 04 B; sewing D 05 B)

strengthened or consolidated by applying or incorporating chemical or thermo-activatable bonding agents in solid or liquid form

strengthened or consolidated by welding-together thermoplastic fibres, filaments, or yarns

characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres or yarns (lap-forming devices D 01 G 25/00; paper web-making by wet methods D 21 F, D 21 H) [4]

11/

Non-woven pile fabrics (layered products forming non-woven pile fabrics B 32 B; woven pile fabrics D 03 D; tufting D 05 C)

11/

formed by zig-zag folding of a fleece or layer of staple fibres, filaments, or yarns, strengthened or consolidated at the folds

11/

formed by creation of a pile on at least one surface of a non-woven fabric without addition of pile-forming material, e.g. by needling, by differential shrinking (needling machines D 04 H 18/00)

13/

Other non-woven fabrics

13/

Production of non-woven fabrics by partial defibrillating of oriented thermoplastics films [4]

17/

Felting apparatus

17/

for felting between rollers, e.g. heated rollers

17/

Multi-roller apparatus

18/

Needling machines